Hydraulic motor



(No Model.)-

J. W. BLAKEMORE.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

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UNITED STATES PATENT UEETCE.

JAMES NV. BLAKEMORE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 429,600, dated June l0, 1890.

Application lerl January 14, 1890. Serial No. 336,921. (No model.)

The principal objects of my invention are to provide a hydraulic motor, simple, com-` pact, durable,vand effective in action and of such type as to offer little internal resistance and having the following` characteristic features: first, a uniform and positive action; second, a capacity for a gradual admission and cut-oft' of the water to the main cylinder so that shock incident thereto may be obviated and the action of the motor thereby rendered comparatively noiseless, third, arranged so that water under pressure actuates the valves thereof before entering the main cylinder and capable of being stopped and started without the overcoming of a neutral point; and, fourth, a motor in which its capacity may be readily increased in the event of the failure of water-pressure.

The nature and characteristic features of my invention will be more fully understood taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which- Figure l is a vertical central section of a hydraulic motor embodying the characteristic features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line y y of Fig. l, showing the chambers in the combined valve-box and water-chest and the eduction and induction pipes thereof. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 0c of Fig. 2, showing the mechanism for operating the valve-cock of said box; and Fig. 4 is a view in perspective of my improved valve-cock with the parts thereof detached, and showing also portions of the induction and eduction pipes connected with the respective cylinders ofthe combined valve and chest.

Referring to the drawings, A is the main cylinder of suitable construction.

A' is a vertical rod to which is centrally secured apiston B, held in position on said rod by means of nuts a and a. The pistonrod A extends through the respective cylinder-heads A2 and A3, which are secured in any preferred manner to the cylinder A. The piston B is provided with. suitable packingrings a2 and a3, which are held snugly between the respective faces of the piston B by means of the nuts d and d. The cylinderheads A2 and A3 are provided with annular vertical projections A4 and A5, forming chambers into which are introduced stuffing-boxes A6 and A7, with gaskets d10 and au, interposed between the inner faces of the stufling-boxes A6 and A7, and the annual chambers A4 and A5, for affording tight joints between them. These cylinder-heads A2 and A3 are also provided with annular curved shaped extensions at and d5, having interior ports d and ai, and with inner and outer annular rims as and a, 'to which the combined valve-box and waterchest C is secured. Gaskets cl3 au d a, made of rubber or other material, are interposed between the rims a8 and c and the ends of the box or chest C, in order that tight joints may be insured thereat.

l The combined valve-box and water-chest. C is preferably constructed rectangular in shape with an induction-chamber D, and in the wall c of the box is formed an orifice d for the reception of the inlet-pipe d. Formed, preferably, integral with the valve-box C are two or more `horizontal partition-walls e and c and a vertical partition-wall f. Between the horizontal partition-walls c and e', cast, preferably, with the box C, are formed passages g, g, g2, and g3, and between the vertical partitionwallfand the inner wall c of the box C is formed an eductionchamber F, and in the wall c of the rectangular-sha ed box C is provided an orifice h for the reception of the j waste-pipe h. with the upper and lower horizontal partition-walls e and e are valve-cylinders I and I', which project downward and upward, respectively, through the partition-walls of the horizontal passages g, g, g2, and g3. These cylinders are provided with annular rows of small ports or openings t', t', j, andy". Within the cylinders I and I play freely up and Formed, preferably, integral IOO down double' pistons 70,19, k2, and k3, suitably mounted on a vertical rod K, provided with universal connections 7a* and b5, in order to avoid jamming and sticking of the said pistons. rihe respective pistons k, 7c', 7a2 and k" are each provided with interposed packingrings k7, held in position between the respective faces of the pistons by means of nuts ku.

In the upper part of the valve-cylinders I and I are provided ports i2 and t3, communicating with curved pipes m and m in communication with the seat n ot a three-way cock N. This seat n is located in the induction-chamber D, near the outer wall Vc ot' the rectanguiar-shaped box C. The seat n of the valve-cock N is provided with three ports n', 712, and n3, two of which n and 'a2 communicate with the curved pipes m and m ,leading directly into the respective cylinders I and I. rlhe port n3 of the seat of the valve-cock N communicates with a waste-pipe o, extending through the inner vertical wall f of the eduction-chamber F. The plug n4 of the cock N is cut away for a portion of its surface, as shown in Figs. l and Li, and to this plug is attached the valve-stem a5, extending through the seat n. On the outer extremity thereof is loosely mounted an arm n, which is held to place on said stem by means of a collarn. To the arm n is pivoted a vertical lever-arm a8, which is pivotally connected with a hori- `zontal arm n, mounted in any preferred manner on the upper extremity of the piston-rod A of the main cylinderA, whereby said threeway cock N is automatically operated bythe presence of the water introduced into the induction-chamber D through the inlet-pipe d. In the inner surface of the seat a is preferably formed a circular groove n10, which communicates with the pipe o, forming an exit-channel for the waste water of the valve-cylinders I and I'. It is, however, obvious that the valve-seat n may be provided with an annular recess and the plug n4 of the three-way cock smoothly faced, and, moreover, that the valvecock N and the piston-rod A' could be connected with each other by means of tappets mounted on the oscillating lever arms a8 and n" for permitting of the actuation of the piston B of the main cyiinderA; but, however, I prefer to avail myself of the means and mechanism arranged substantially in the manner illustrated in the drawings, and as hereinbefore fully described.

The manner ot operating the motor maybe explained as follows: W'ater is introduced under pressure from a service-pipe through the inlet-pipe CZ into the induction-chamber D, and thence through the ports n or m23. nd

the pipes m and fm to the valve-cylinderI or I', as shown in Fig. l. The water having entered the valve-cylinder I through the port 'n' and pipe m, the pistons k and k2 are brought into the position as shown in Fig. l, and the water under pressure in the induction-chamber D is conducted through the ports t" of the valve-cylinder I', the chamber g2, and thence through the port a'iof the main cylinder-head A3 into the main cylinder A, actuating the piston B and its rod A in an upward direction. By this movement of the piston B and the rod A the arm n of the three-way cock N is caused to tip the setscrew U of the collar V, having projections o2 rigid with the plug n4, and thereby revolving the plug 'n4 suiiiciently to cover the port n in the valve-seat and to open the port n2. By this operation of the apparatus the water assumes a reverse movement and flows through the port n2 and pipe m into the valve-cylinder I', driving the pistons 7o and k2 in an upward direction, and the waste water in the cylinder I is driven backward through the pipe m, port n', groove n10, and waste-pipe o into the eduction-chamber F, and through the wastepipe h into any suitable receptacle or underground pipe. The pistons 71: and k2 beingin a reversed position, as shown, for instance, in Fig. l, the water contained in the induction-chamber D is allowed to enter the main cylinder A through the ports 1L', passage g', port a of the main cylinder-head A2, and thereby causing the piston B to be driven in a downward direction to its full stroke. The waste water on the other side of the piston is caused to escape through the port ai of the main cylinder-head A3, the passage g2, ports t", anda part of cylinder I', portsj, chamber g3, into the eduction-chamber E and wastepipe h. By the downward stroke of the piston B and of its rod A the arm fa is caused to tip the set-screw o of the collar V, thereby actuating the plug at to cause it to close the port n2 and open the port n', again reversing the direction of movement of the water operating the respective pistons, as in the former instance, and the operations are thus repeated in regular succession.

The length of the stroke ot the piston B is regulated by the set-screw 1J and o of the collar V, as will be readily understood by reference to Figs. l and 4 of the drawings.

It is manifestly obvious as to minor details of mechanical construction of the parts of the apparatus that modifications or changes may be made without departing from the real spirit of the invention.

Having thus described the nature and objects ot my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, in a hydraulic motor, of a main cylinder provided with a piston and a rod and with extensions forming direct Vcommunications with a rectangular-shaped valve-box and water-chest provided with induction and eduction chambers, two cylinders and two valves in said box, two pistons connected with a rod having universaljoints, a three-way cock, and means, substantially as described, for causing motion to be imparted to the pistons of said main and valve cylinders, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, in a hydraulic motor,

IOO

of a main cylinder having a piston mounted on a rod, a valve-box and water-chest provided with an induction-chamber, an eduction-chamber and end ports to the main cylinder, two valve-cylinders communicating at one end thereof with said induction-chamber and provided with annular rows of perforations leading to said end ports and to said eduction-chamber, two pistons and two valves mounted on a piston-rod having universal joints and caused to play up and down in said valve-cylinders, a waste-pipe from said cock to said eduction-chamber, and mechanism, substantially as described, for connecting said cock with the piston-rod of said main cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination, in a hydraulic motor, of a main cylinder provided with a piston and a rod,and the extensions of said cylinder forming,` communications with a valve-box and water-chest provided with induction and eduction chambers, two cylinders and two valvesin said box, two pistons connected with a rod provided with a universal connection, a valve-seat having three ports located in said induction-chamber, pipes from two of said ports to said cylinders and from the other of said Aports to said eduction-chamber, a plug having a portion of the surface cut away, an annular recess between said plug and seat, and means for imparting motion to the pistons of said main and valve cylinders, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAS. W. BLAKEMORE. Vitnesses:

Guo. W. REED,

THOMAS M. SMITH. 

